There is several reasons for the rise of total warfare in the 19th century. The main one is industrialization. As countries' capital and natural resources grew, it became clear that some forms of warfare demanded more resources than others. Consequently, the greater cost of warfare became evident.

The Industrial Revolution changed Europe dramatically over two centuries. However, progress was not confined to peaceful applications of new technology. Whenever new technology has been introduced in the history of mankind, there has always been someone ready to adapt it for the purposes of war.

 

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